Tips for observing solder joints (lighting techniques and HDR functionality)

Solder joints contain various curves (R) and also generate reflections, making them difficult to observe with a camera.

We recommend the following three methods for optimal observation:
(1) Polarizing filter
(2) Low-angle LED light
(3) HDR (High Dynamic Range) function of high-definition cameras

This time, we observed the solder joints on the leads of an 8mm pitch electrolytic capacitor (discrete component).

 

8mmピッチの電解コンデンサ

 

 


■ Standard ring light

 

High-brightness 80-LED white ring light

GR80-N2

高輝度80灯白色LEDリング照明

高輝度80灯白色LEDリング照明での観察

Even with the same solder joint, the angle of the light can cause it to appear blackened or result in halation (white-out).

 


■ Polarizing filters on both the ring light and lens illumination

 
Microscope halation removal set
GR-HL

 

By attaching polarizing filters to both the incident light side and the light-emitting side, halation can be significantly reduced.

マイクロスコープ用ハレーション除去セット

マイクロスコープ用ハレーション除去セットでの観察


■ Low-angle LED light

 
Low-angle LED ring light 
GR56-N

 

ローアングルLED照明での観察

 

(※) By using a low-angle ring light and adjusting the setup so that the light does not directly hit the object (illuminating the substrate with diffuse light only), observation is carried out with diffuse light.

However, due to the use of only diffuse light, the illuminance cannot be increased significantly, and the magnification cannot be set very high.

 

 

ローアングルLED照明での観察
ローアングルLED照明での観察  

 


■ Dome-type light

 

Dome-type light

DC-170W

 

ドーム式照明

 

ドーム式照明での観察  

 


■ HDR (High Dynamic Range) function of a high-definition camera

 

High-definition camera

GR200HD2
The lighting used was a standard “ring light”, and only the HDR function was utilized.

 

 

ハイビジョンカメラ

 

ハイビジョンカメラでの観察

 

The brightness is averaged, sacrificing contrast, in order to expand the dynamic range.

Inrush current and back electromotive force

Inrush current

 

When power is applied to electrical equipment, a temporary surge of high current may occur.

Large-capacity capacitors and incandescent filament lamps, for example, can experience a current much larger than the steady-state current when the power is turned on.

This phenomenon is known as inrush current.

The mechanisms that cause inrush current differ slightly between filaments and capacitors.

 

In the case of large-capacity capacitors

At the moment of power-up, the voltage rapidly changes from 0V→…V, which can be considered as a high-frequency event.

The reactance of a large-capacity capacitor becomes very low, allowing a large inrush current to flow瞬時 (instantaneously).

 

In the case of a heating element

When it is cold, its resistance is low, causing a momentary surge of large current at startup.

 

(Example)

・It is said that the filament of an incandescent bulb can experience a surge of current that is 8~20 times higher than normal during the first 1/100th of a second after startup.

・It is said that each time a fluorescent light is turned ON/OFF, the inrush current causes a reduction in its lifespan by approximately one hour.

 

 

Back electromotive force

 

In the case of inductive loads (coil components), a large voltage is applied in the opposite direction to the change in current when the power is turned on or off. This is known as back electromotive force (back EMF).

The magnitude of back EMF can vary depending on the shape and size of the electromagnetic components, but in AC equipment, it can reach up to five times the steady-state voltage, while in DC equipment, it may reach up to fifteen times.

Back EMF can propagate through the power supply line, potentially affecting other equipment.

 

 

(Example)

Even operating a small switch (relay) like the one below can cause a surge of 250V in the power supply line.

 

小型の開閉器

 

 

If a large inductive load is connected to the same power supply line, a significant back electromotive force is generated at the moment of driving or interrupting the inductive load.

 

This can lead to malfunction or damage to other equipment.

Methods for evenly illuminating a wide area

Even when referring to a wide range, the field of view can vary.

 

In either case, standard ring lights (approximately φ60 to φ70mm) are not suitable for evenly illuminating a wide area.

 

Ring lights of this size are suitable for use with microscopes, magnifying devices, or cameras when a macro lens is used.

 

To illuminate a relatively wide field of view, a large-diameter ring light is more suitable.

 

Left: Standard ring light  Right: Large-diameter ring light

大口径リング照明

 

The illumination difference is shown in the photo below.

 

大口径リング照明

 

When using a large-diameter ring light and our camera stand, a simple setup like the one below can also be used.

 

Attach it to a magnetic stand and slide it under the camera stand.

 

大口径リング照明

 

To evenly illuminate a larger area (A4 size), a slightly larger light source is required.

 

 

However, if some variation in illuminance is acceptable, you can also use ambient lighting or a desk lamp for office work to take photos.

If the field of view is wide, there is likely sufficient brightness, so this method may also be a viable option.

What is a ring light for stereo microscopes?

■ Types of stereo microscopes

 

There are two types of optical systems for stereo microscopes: CMO (平行光学系) and Greenough (斜光学系).

 

実態顕微鏡の種類

 

 

■ The size of ring lights for stereo microscopes

 

Ring lights can be attached to either type.

 

 

 

The ring light is designed to match the size of the tip of a Greenough-type stereo microscope.

Below is the dimensional diagram of a stereo microscope from a well-known domestic manufacturer.

 

 

顕微鏡寸法図

Except for specialized microscopes, there is little variation in size among manufacturers.

Therefore, the inner diameter of the ring light for microscopes typically ranges from φ60mm to φ70mm.

 

 

■ Mounting position

Regardless of the manufacturer, those with grooves for fixing the light can be mounted.

 

 

 

 

However, types without grooves may not be mountable.

Additionally, if auxiliary lenses are used, there may be interference preventing their use.

 

 

 

 

■ If the lighting fixture does not have grooves for mounting

 

Both Greenough-type and Galilean-type microscopes may have models without grooves.

For such types, the lighting cannot be mounted directly onto the microscope.

 

However, if there are screws for attaching a filter on the back of the cover, as shown in the photo below, these screws can be used to attach the ring light’s fixing ring.

 

 

We offer ring light fixing rings with screw diameters of M48 and M49.

 

Ring adapter for stereo microscopes

RA-48/RA-49 

 

By attaching this fixing ring to the tip of the microscope, a groove for securing the ring light is created.

The ring light is then mounted onto this groove.

 

How to distinguish between coaxial lighting and ring lighting usage samples

Epi-illumination is suitable for observing diffusely reflecting objects.
Coaxial illumination is suitable for observing flat specularly reflecting objects.
(Even with specular reflective objects, tapered parts and large uneven parts cannot be observed.)

 

So what about things that aren’t completely diffuse reflectors?

 

We often explain to our customers that coaxial lighting is suitable for objects that are at a level where their faces can be seen.

 

 

 

 

<Iron block> <Aluminum plate>
(No plating, polishing, etc.) (Alumite processing, shot processing)
Ring lighting allows for clearer observation.
Using coaxial lighting
The image will be unclear.
This sample does not show faces.
Observation is possible with coaxial lighting or ring l ighting.
Both are usable boundary samples.
ring lighting ring lighting
coaxial lighting coaxial lighting

 

 

Objects unsuitable for coaxial illumination

1. Applications not suitable for coaxial illumination:

 

(1) Diffuse reflective objects (paper, resin, painted products, etc.)

 

Observing with coaxial illumination results in loss of color and creates images with no contrast.

●Business card

名刺の観察

 

 

(2) Objects with gloss but uneven surfaces

Only the flat portions of the object will shine, while other areas will appear as images without contrast.

 

●Wire

針金

 

 

●Screw

ネジ

 

 

2. Suitable applications for coaxial illumination:

 

Coaxial illumination is suitable for objects with gloss and flat surfaces.

It is suitable for the following examples:

 

●Metal plating

メッキした金属

 

●Silicon wafer

シリコンウェハーの観察

 

●Substrate gold electrodes

基板の金電極

 

Differences in appearance between coaxial illumination and ring illumination.

Depending on the object, some are suitable for coaxial illumination, while others are more appropriate for ring illumination.

However, ring illumination is more versatile.

Coaxial illumination can only be used for objects that are “glossy” and “flat.”

■Features of Coaxial Illumination

 

同軸照明、リング照明の違い

 

Coaxial illumination is a suitable method for objects with specular reflection (glossy surfaces).

When oblique light, such as from ring illumination, is directed at a specular object, it reflects at the same angle as the incident angle, preventing light from returning to the lens and resulting in a dark image.

However, coaxial illumination is not suitable for glossy objects with uneven surfaces or curvature.

When used on diffusive reflective objects, coaxial illumination causes only the central part to become bright (hotspot), resulting in a foggy image without color contrast.

 

 

サンプル1   基板の金メッキ部分

 

 

基板の金メッキ部分

 

The illumination method of a metallurgical microscope (coaxial illumination) is designed for nearly mirror-like, flat objects.

The appearance can significantly differ compared to conventional illumination (ring illumination).

サンプル2   1円玉

 

1円玉

 

1円玉

White and black completely invert.

(The closer the surface is to a mirror finish, the more pronounced this effect becomes.)

 

 

サンプル3  銀メッキのコイン

 

 

 

 

A silver-plated coin, like the one in the above photo, can be observed with both coaxial and ring illumination.

(Since it is not a perfect specular reflector, both methods are suitable.)

 

 

Sample 4: 10-yen coin (diffuse reflector)

 

 

 

A 10-yen coin cannot be observed with coaxial illumination.

 

 

Sample 5: Circuit board (observation of diffuse reflector)

 

 

 

Diffuse reflectors cannot be observed with coaxial illumination.

 

 

Sample 6: Observation of specular reflectors

 

 

 

 

Perfect specular reflectors (those close to mirror surfaces) cannot be observed with ring illumination.

 

 

Sample 7: Nickel processed product

 

ニッケルの加工品

 

ニッケルの加工品

 

When using coaxial illumination, please note that diffuse objects cannot be observed.

(Even with metals, black anodizing or paint may be better observed with ring illumination.)

 

 

Sample 8: Paper (printed material)

 

紙(印刷物)

 

 

Sample 9: Other objects unsuitable for coaxial illumination

 

 

 

 

Visual Perception Differences Due to Varied Illuminations

**Ring Illumination**

This provides the most natural appearance, closely resembling the view perceived by the human eye.

リング照明

 

For more details on ring illumination, please refer to the following:

 

リング照明の見え方  

**Coaxial Illumination**

When observing reflective objects (such as metals), black and white may reverse depending on the conditions.

同軸照明

 

For more details on coaxial illumination, please refer to the following:

 

同軸照明の見え方   

 

**Low-Angle Illumination**

Edges appear sharper and more pronounced, resulting in a dark-field-like appearance. (Refer to “Dark-Field Observation” for more information.)

 

ローアングル照明

 

For more details on low-angle illumination, please refer to the following:

 

ローアングル照明の見え方 

Method for Using the Ultra-High Magnification Microscope (NSH500CSU) with Transmitted Illumination

The NSH500CSU comes with a standard simple XY table, but it does not support transmitted illumination. Here, we will introduce a method to attach transmitted illumination.

**Pattern 1**
Attach rubber feet to the RD-95T and place it on the standard included XY stage (TK100).

 

RD-95Tにゴム足を取付け、標準付属のXYステージ(TK100)に載せる方法

 

This method allows for the easy introduction of transmitted illumination without the need for modifications, but the size of the specimen is limited to the dimensions of the RD-95T (φ95).

While the rubber feet prevent slipping, the lighting unit may shift due to impacts such as accidental hand contact.

**Pattern 2**
Replace the rotating simple XY stage, remove the observation plate, and insert the RD-95T.

 

回転式簡易XYステージに変更し、観察板を外しRD-95Tをはめ込む方法

 

The RD-95T can be fitted into the XY table, providing a certain degree of stability. However, since the cable needs to be routed outside, it is necessary to drill a hole of approximately φ10 in the base. Our company can perform this drilling free of charge prior to shipment.

 

About flat illuminance distribution

拡散性微小面光源

 

The equation is correct: E(θ)=E0(cos⁡θ)4E(\theta) = E_0 (\cos \theta)^4.

As you move away from the center, the illuminance drops steeply:

  • At 30°, it decreases to approximately half (12\frac{1}{2}).
  • At 45°, it decreases to approximately one-fourth (14\frac{1}{4}).

 

周辺に行くほど、照度が急激に下がります

 

In practical lighting scenarios, the diffusion (or conversely, directionality) of light sources varies, resulting in diverse beam characteristics that may not perfectly align with theoretical values. However, they serve as rough guidelines.

To achieve uniform illumination over a certain area, efforts are made to utilize the central region (the “redder” area) as much as possible and to flatten out its characteristics as much as feasible. This can be achieved by using lenses, diffusers, or other optical elements.

It’s important to note that with point sources (such as small area illuminations), achieving completely uniform illumination across a large area is generally not possible.

How to use lumens (lm) and lux (lux)

●Lumen (lm)

 

 

Lumen is a measurement that indicates “how much light is gathered within a certain range from the light source.” It quantifies the luminous flux within a specified angle of emission, regardless of the measuring surface conditions. For example, when indicating the brightness of lighting fixtures like incandescent bulbs or fluorescent lamps, it represents the total luminous flux emitted in all directions. This measurement is commonly found on lighting devices designed to brighten spaces (such as household lighting). With the shift from incandescent bulbs to LEDs, lumens have become the preferred metric over watts. For instance, a 60W incandescent bulb is roughly equivalent to 800 lumens.

 

● Lux

Lux indicates the brightness of a “specific surface” illuminated by light and varies with the measurement distance. It is commonly used for lighting devices where brightness at a certain distance and on a specific surface (lux) is important. In industrial applications, it is used for devices like ring lighting for microscopes and industrial microscopes. In consumer applications, such as desk lamps used for lighting workspaces, lux is often used to express brightness, which aligns better with the intended purpose.

●The measurement method

Lux can be easily measured by placing a lux meter on the surface where you want to measure the illuminance.

To measure lumens (total luminous flux emitted in all directions), a sophisticated device called an integrating sphere is required.

積分球   <An integrating sphere>

 

Summary: 

 

**ルーメン (Lumen)**: Indicates “how much light is gathered within a certain range from the light source.” It quantifies the luminous flux within a specified angle of emission, regardless of the measuring surface conditions.

**ルクス (Lux)**: Indicates the brightness of a “specific surface” illuminated by light and varies with the measurement distance. It is commonly used for lighting devices where brightness at a certain distance and on a specific surface (lux) is important.

These metrics help in understanding and quantifying the brightness and efficiency of lighting sources and devices.

Transmitted illumination when combining a compact stand with an XY table

(1) When using the XY table,

 

Place the transmitted illumination (RD-95) underneath a compact stand.
On top of this, install a glass XY table (TK-100N).
This creates a simple transmitted illumination stand.

XYテーブルを使う場合

 

 

(2) When using a rotating XY table,

 

The size of the rotary table matches that of the transmitted illumination (RD-95).
By removing the observation plate from the rotary table and installing the transmitted illumination (RD-95), you create a simple transmitted light stand.

 

回転式XYテーブル使う場合

 

 

Of course, when using a rotating XY table, similar to (1), you can place the transmitted illumination underneath the stand. You can also use a glass plate on the rotating table to create a transmitted illumination stand.

 

スタンドの下に透過照明を設置

 

 

TK100-N (点板:ガラス)   Transmitted illumination stand compatible type
TK100-N (Stage: Glass)
     
回転式簡易XYテーブルTK180-K   Rotating simple XY table T

About Coaxial illumination

Coaxial illumination is a lighting method designed for observing specular reflectors.

(It is not suitable for observing diffuse reflectors.)

When observing diffuse reflectors, hotspots (extremely bright areas) occur.

Furthermore, the effect becomes more pronounced at lower magnifications.

(In the case of diffuse reflectors, ring illumination is recommended.)

 

拡散反射物

 

 

■Zレンズの最低倍率(X0.7)で上記3点を観察

 

同軸照明付きレンズで観察

 

Even with glossy ceramics, slight hotspots may persist.

Objects ranging from surfaces reflecting surrounding scenery to specular reflectors are within the appropriate observation range.

 

■ Methods to Reduce Hotspots

If the camera has HDR (High Dynamic Range) capabilities, there is a method to reduce hotspots by sacrificing color vividness.

(However, generally speaking, for diffuse reflectors, it is recommended to use ring illumination rather than coaxial illumination.)

 

 

(HDR set to 0 for observing white paper)

 

ホットスポットの影響を低減する方法

 

 

(HDR 3 で白紙観察)

ホットスポットの影響を低減する方法

Coaxial illumination

Coaxial illumination is a unique lighting method integrated within the optical path of the lens.
(It is effective for observing silicon wafers, plated surfaces, polished metals, etc., and mirror-like objects.)

 

同軸照明とは 同軸照明とは
   

 

The differences in the obtained images can be discerned when comparing coaxial illumination with bright-field illumination (such as ring illumination).

 

ガラス板

 

Below is the image captured when photographing a test pattern chrome-deposited on a transparent glass plate (left photo).
(coaxial illumination) (ring illumination)
同軸照明 リング照明

Ring illumination provides a more natural appearance, but coaxial illumination offers higher contrast between the glass and pattern areas due to the chrome deposition’s high reflectivity. Depending on the inspection requirements, coaxial illumination can be advantageous. (In the case mentioned, I believe coaxial illumination would be easier for inspecting scratches or defects on the chrome deposition.)

<When coaxial illumination is effective>
It is primarily used when observing flat surfaces with specular reflection (mirror-like objects) or objects close to specular reflection. It enhances strong contrast due to differences in reflectivity.

 

– Plated metal surface

 

メッキされた金属面

 
(coaxial illumination) (ring illumination)
同軸照明 リング照明
   
– Patterns on silicon wafers

 

 
(coaxial illumination) (ring illumination)
同軸照明 リング照明
   
– Electrodes on substrate (gold-plated section)

 

 
(coaxial illumination) (ring illumination)
同軸照明 リング照明

<Instances where coaxial illumination should not be used>
For highly diffuse objects (such as paper, wood, or resin with sandblasting), there is no difference in surface reflectivity (consistent appearance from all angles). Therefore, coaxial illumination would result in images without contrast. Additionally, due to the object’s complete diffuse (Lambertian) nature, hotspots occur in the image (where the center shines brightly).

– White paper (black text printing)

 

 
(coaxial illumination) (ring illumination)
同軸照明 リング照明
 

Falling illumination

Falling illumination is a lighting method used in microscopes, digital microscopes, and similar devices. It involves illuminating the specimen from above. There are various shapes and types depending on the mounting method and application, such as ring illumination, twin-arm LED illumination, dome-style illumination, arch-shaped illumination, and coaxial illumination.

 

リング照明 GR10-N Ring illumination GR10-N
ツインアームLED照明 SPF-D2 Twin-arm LED illumination SPF-D2

 

It is effective to use different types of illumination depending on what you want to observe. When attaching to the lens part, ring-shaped illumination is often used.

 

マイクロスコープ Ring illumination is attached to the tip of the lens and used for illumination.

 

There are various angles and types of ring illumination available.

 

 

LEDの角度 LEDの角度

I will help you select the appropriate lighting according to your requirements. Please feel free to contact our technical support for assistance.

Automation and Efficiency Enhancement of Metallographic Grain Size Measurement

1. What is Grain Size?

The mechanical properties of metal materials, such as tensile strength and resistance to compressive shear forces, vary depending on the material, necessitating the use of metals appropriate for specific applications. Additionally, heat treatment alters the metallographic structure and, consequently, its mechanical properties. Therefore, the analysis of grain size is a critical inspection for quality assurance of products.

 

 

 

 

2. Methods for Measuring Grain Size

 

The commonly used methods to measure the grain size in metals include:

1. Visual comparison using standard charts and a metal microscope (Comparative Method).
2. Incorporating an eyepiece micrometer into the metal microscope for simultaneous observation and comparison (Comparative Method).
3. Incorporating an eyepiece micrometer into the metal microscope for simultaneous observation and calculation (Line-intercept Method).
4. Using a camera and software for grain size measurement (Counting/Planimetric Method, Line-intercept Method).

These methods allow for the analysis of the crystal grain size in metallographic structures.

 

 

3. Automatic measurement of metal grain size using software

 

With method ④ above, the grain size can be measured automatically using software, increasing efficiency.

 

金属顕微鏡の詳細はこちら

 

顕微鏡用USB3.0カメラ(500万画素)
HDCT-500DN3

 

粒子解析ソフトウェア G-S Measure(日鉄テクノロジー株式会社製)

粒子解析ソフトウェア

G-S Measure(日鉄テクノロジー株式会社製)

 

 

4. Additional Convenient Features of Grain Size Measurement Software: Comparative Method

 

This is a visual inspection method. A sample, such as a metallographic structure, is placed under a microscope. The process involves simultaneous observation of the sample under the microscope and comparison with a “Grain Size Standard Chart (×100) JIS G 0551” or an “eyepiece micrometer (reticle)” printed with the standard chart. The grain size is determined by matching the closest standard chart.

This software facilitates the calculation of grain size by simply selecting the appropriate standard chart while observing the microscope camera’s live video feed. It allows for the superimposition of the standard chart over the live video feed from the microscope camera, providing a highly convenient and efficient feature.

 

結晶粒度測定01

 

 

② Counting / Planimetric Method, Line-intercept Method

 

The Line-intercept Method involves drawing a test line (pattern) on a captured microscopic image. The grain size is calculated by measuring the average line segment length that crosses through each crystal grain when the pattern intersects with the grains. This technique provides an accurate measure of the grain structure’s dimensions by quantifying the interactions between the line and the microstructure.

結晶粒度測定02

**Measurement Display Example: ASTM (Line-intercept Method, Line Length Comparison Method)**

After the measurement, areas where the grain boundaries intersect with the test pattern are highlighted in blue.
*Note: The example image measures an area at a microscope magnification of 100 times, within a 1000×1000 dot range.*

 

 

 

5. Conclusion

If the frequency of grain size measurements is high, utilizing the convenient features of this grain size measurement software for automated measurements is key to reducing labor and enhancing efficiency.

Measurement of weld bead length (leg length).

・what is welding?

 

Welding is defined as the process of joining two metal substrates at their junction using heat, pressure, or other methods, or alternatively, joining them by incorporating filler material under heat or pressure.

 

溶接の脚長計測について01

 

The primary methods commonly used for heating in welding include electricity, arc discharge, gas, plasma, and laser techniques.

In this process, the weld bead length formed in the weld (weld deposit) significantly affects the strength of the weld joint.

 

 

 

・Evaluation of welding

溶接の脚長計測について02

 

The portion of the weld where material has been deposited, indicated by the red arrow in the image, is known as the weld bead.

Depending on the welding conditions, the appearance and dimensions (width, length, height) of this weld bead can vary.

The shape of the weld bead allows for the evaluation of whether the welding was performed correctly and if there are any welding defects.

Common welding defects include:

– Insufficient reinforcement
– Overlap
– Undercut
– Porosity
– Cracks

To evaluate this weld bead, it is necessary to measure its three-dimensional shape.

 

– Inspection in welding involves specifying dimensions in the weld section. This includes the minimum thickness of the weld bead, known as the “throat thickness,” and dimensions such as the “penetration” and “fusion depth,” which measure from the melted metal peak to the surface of the parent metal.

– For more information on measuring weld penetration, click here.

Among the specified dimensions is the “leg length (kyakuchou),” which extends from the weld root section to the end of the weld bead. This leg length serves as one of the criteria for determining the optimal bead width.

 

溶接の脚長計測について03

 

 

 

Efficiency in measuring the shape and length of weld bead legs.

To ensure welding quality, it is necessary to inspect the weld bead.

Common inspection methods include:

– Visual comparison with a reference sample
– Comparison using a welding gauge and visual inspection

These methods often require high skill from inspectors and can be time-consuming. Moreover, judgments may vary depending on the individual.

Additionally, using welding-specific gauges for measurements requires multiple measurements at various points, which is inefficient.

<Image of welding gauge measurement>

 

溶接の脚長計測について04

 

 

Utilizing the following product can resolve issues related to measuring weld bead lengths:

Recommended product for weld bead length (bead) measurement:

【Weld Bead Length Handy 3D Scanner CSM-HS10WL】

 

 

溶接の脚長計測について05

 

This product is a 3D handheld scanner that allows instant, non-contact and non-destructive measurement of weld bead cross-sections simply by aiming a laser at the weld area to be measured.

*Note: It cannot measure penetration depth inside the weld or internal blowholes.

No need for rulers or welding gauges; it operates using a non-contact optical cutting method triggered by a switch.

溶接の脚長計測について06

 

You can scan the 3D shape of the laser irradiation line applied to the weld area and measure the cross-sectional view with high accuracy. This allows for instant, non-destructive measurement of weld bead (leg length) without human error or variability.

 

~ Features of this device include:

 

 

Feature 1: Easy-to-use handheld 3D scanner
– Simply connect to a PC or tablet via USB. Once the welding measurement software built into the device is installed on the PC, it can be operated immediately.
– Being handheld makes it easy to handle, allowing measurement of targets that were previously difficult to measure, including large or heavy objects and narrow spaces.

Feature 2: Measurement by simply aiming and triggering
– When measuring weld beads, conventional methods require the use of a square or welding-specific gauge. With this device, precise measurement with pinpoint accuracy is possible with a single laser shot.
– Simply aim at the weld bead (weld protrusion), pull the trigger switch, and the measurement is done.
– Comes with a detachable guide rod for convenient adjustment of distance and angle during measurements.
– Easily perform 3D measurements of 12 points including “leg length,” “undercut,” “joint angle,” and “excess buildup” using the optical cutting method.

 

  •  

Feature 3: Instant display and saving of leg length measurement results on PC screen
– Measurement results can be saved as files and the data can be utilized in Excel®.
– Numerical results are displayed simultaneously during measurement, ensuring accurate and error-free records.
– Eliminates the need for handwritten records that can be prone to errors and enhances security against tampering.
– Allows for traceability assurance.

 

 

~ Additional Convenient Features ~

 

Feature 1: Equipped with a standard measurement mode convenient for inspecting weld bead (leg length)

 

溶接の脚長計測について07

 

・角R(アール)の計測

溶接の脚長計測について08

 

 

・Measurement of butt welding

 

溶接の脚長計測について09

 

 

 

Feature 2: Displaying camera images, laser cross-sectional views, and measurement results on a single screen

 

 

溶接の脚長計測について10

 

  • ・Camera Image:
    Displays the captured video of the section through the camera.

    ・Laser Cross-sectional View:
    Clearly displays measurement results with numerical data and cross-sectional diagrams.

    ・Measurement History:
    Displays numerical results of measurements.

 

 

 

Feature 3: Measurement history can be exported to Excel®.

 

溶接の脚長計測について11

 

 

Feature 4: QR Code Reading

 

Allows easy linkage of measurement results with target items by scanning QR codes or barcodes. This enables the management of measurement results via QR codes.

Additionally, combining QR codes with cloud services enables visualization and digital transformation (DX) of welding operations.

 

溶接の脚長計測について12

 

 

 

・Summary

 

If you want to significantly improve and streamline the challenging task of measuring weld bead shapes accurately,

The 【Weld Bead Length Handy 3D Scanner CSM-HS10WL】is incredibly convenient.

・Eliminates variability in measurements by individuals, ensuring quantitative measurement.
・Capable of reading QR codes and linking with product data.
・Enables instant and accurate 3D shape measurement of objects without contact.
・Visualizes anomalies in weld bead areas using color maps.

 

 

Measurement of Dendrite Arm Spacing (DAS Measurement)

DAS測定について1

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. What is Dendrite Arm Spacing?

 

Dendrite arm spacing is a measurement method used to evaluate the microstructure of aluminum alloys.

A dendrite refers to a tree-like crystal structure that forms as metal solidifies.

This structure features a primary arm along the main axis and secondary arms that develop laterally, both observed in a branched pattern.

Measuring the distance between the centers of these arms provides an index of dendrite density and morphology.

This measurement is influenced by factors such as the metal’s solidification rate and cooling speed, as well as the distribution of crystalline precipitates.

 

Measuring dendrite arm spacing has become increasingly important in recent years as it reveals the quality and mechanical properties of castings.

 

 

 

2. Measurement Method of Dendrite Arm Spacing

1. Like typical metallographic observations, it involves preprocessing and can be performed using microscope images.

The main steps of preprocessing are:

1. Cutting
2. Embedding in resin
3. Polishing
4. Mirror finishing
5. Etching with chemicals
6. Rinsing with water
7. Drying with a dryer

→ For more information on preprocessing for metallographic observations, click here.

The preprocessing steps alone require significant effort and time.

Following the preprocessing steps mentioned above, dendrite arm spacing measurement is conducted using microscope or microscopy images.

There are two methods for measuring dendrite arm spacing:

– Secondary Arm Method
– Line Intercept Method

The Secondary Arm Method involves selecting sections where secondary arms are aligned and calculating the average spacing between them.

The Line Intercept Method is used for structures with low directional alignment, such as granular crystals, where it is difficult to select aligned secondary arms. This method involves drawing straight lines across dendrite arm boundaries and calculating the spacing based on the number of intercepts.

Manual measurement of these operations requires considerable effort and time.

Therefore, we will now introduce an efficient method for measuring dendrite arm spacing using the following software.

 

 

 

3. Efficient Method for Measuring Dendrite Arm Spacing Using Software

 

We introduce an efficient measurement method using the “Image Analysis Software WinROOF Material Option.”

This software can calculate measurement results using the “Secondary Branch Method” mentioned above.

Our microscope cameras are compatible with the “Image Analysis Software WinROOF Material Option,” allowing for measurements within live images.

(Of course, it is also possible to load multiple pre-captured images.)

 

⇒弊社の顕微鏡用カメラはコチラ

 

 

Step 1

 

Open the interface for dendrite arm spacing measurement and load the image.

It is common to perform this measurement across multiple fields of view (images).

 

DAS測定について2

 

 

Step 2

 

On the loaded image, use the mouse to set a “measurement line” (shown in the diagram below, within the yellow frame) at the area where you will measure the arm spacing.

Designate the boundaries of the secondary arms as intersections along the set measurement line.

 

DAS測定について3

 

 

Step 3

 

Click on the boundary between the measurement line and the secondary arms to add intersections. (Automatic detection feature for intersections available.)

 

DAS測定について4

 

 

Step 4

 

Once intersections are specified for one group of arms, repeat the process by setting measurement lines and specifying intersections for other groups of arms within the field of view.

Real-time measurement information is updated on the screen, allowing you to monitor current dendrite arm spacing values. Switch between images (fields of view) to ensure an adequate number of intersection points are specified.

 

DAS測定について5

 

DAS測定について6

 

 

Additional Information

 

Measurement results can also be exported to Excel for further analysis and documentation.

 

DAS測定について7

 

 

 

4. Conclusion

 

Specialized inspections like Dendrite Arm Spacing (DAS) measurement often require skilled personnel to conduct visual inspections over extended periods.

By introducing this software,

– Reduction in inspection time due to alleviated inspection burdens
– Standardization of inspections
– Improvement in the repeatability of inspections

These aspects significantly enhance efficiency. Moreover, the software enables smooth generation of evaluation reports, facilitating streamlined result reporting.

Displaying magnified images using an industrial rigid endoscope (borescope).

When combining a borescope (industrial rigid endoscope) with a camera, inserting a macro ring allows for magnifying the image.

However, inserting the macro ring shortens the focal length. While you can adjust to some extent with adapter lenses, there are limitations. Additionally, magnifying the image can result in decreased brightness, necessitating a sufficiently bright light source.

I tested the effect of the macro ring with a focal length of 5mm.
(Photographed graph paper with 1mm pitch.)

– Without macro ring

 

 

 

  • 5mm macro ring

 

  • 10mm macro ring

 

  • 15mm macro ring
 

 

Observation Using a Cone Mirror

First, use the borescope to view the front horizontal line.

In this state, placing a cylindrical object like the one in the photo below does not allow the wall surface to be visible.

 

 

コーンミラーについて1 コーンミラーについて2

 

 

Place a cone mirror and then position the cylindrical object as described above.

 

 

コーンミラーについて3 コーンミラーについて4

 

 

It enables 360-degree (omnidirectional) capture as depicted in the lower photograph. However, the central area is significantly scaled down, limiting effective use to the outer periphery.。

 

コーンミラーについて5

 

 

 

 

■Field of View

 

Cone Lens Method   Fish-eye Field of View
コーンミラーについて6   コーンミラーについて7
The wall surface is visible   The front is seen broadly, with some of the wall surface visible as well.

 

 

 

 

The borescope used for this observation is available at our company.

Please see the product page for details.

Example of an Internal Wall Observation Microscope

I have observed various specimens using the Internal Wall Observation Microscope.

 

・PHL200BAでの観察事例①:φ8mm穴内のクロス穴バリ観察

・PHL200BAでの観察事例②:φ18mmパイプ穴内壁キズ検査

・PHL200BAでの観察事例③:φ30mm穴内壁段違い+クロス穴検査

・PHL200BAでの観察事例④:φ45mm穴内壁クロス穴検査

・さらに深穴を観察したい場合は…。

 

 

 

Observation Case ① with PHL200BA

Observation of Cross-Hole Burr in a φ8mm Hole

 

It’s a drill hole in an aluminum plate.

I observed the cross-hole inside.

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例1

 

With the adoption of ultra-small diameter LED ring illumination, light penetrates the hole effectively, ensuring clear visibility. The depth of this hole is approximately 20mm, achieving full circumference focus in one go, allowing clear observation of cross-hole burrs as well.

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例2

 

 

 

 

 

Observation Case ② with PHL200BA

Scratch Inspection of Inner Wall of φ18mm Pipe

 

 

I conducted a scratch inspection on the inner wall of our company’s extension pole (inner diameter φ18mm).

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例3

 

< (Reference) Inspection Image from Zoom Lens Type Digital Microscope >

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例4   Light does not enter the hole, and the inner walls of the hole are completely invisible. Thus, inspection cannot be conducted.

 

 

■ Inspection Image with PHL200BA

 

By utilizing ultra-small diameter LED ring illumination, light effectively enters the hole, allowing for clear visibility. The microscope achieves full circumference focus in one go up to approximately 0-30mm depth, enabling the observation of scratches even at 25mm depth.

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例5

 

 

 

 

 

Observation Case ③ with PHL200BA

Observing φ30mm Hole with Staggered Cross-Holes in Inner Wall

 

 

I have observed the angled hole in our company’s microscope (inner diameter φ30mm, with staggered cross-holes inside).

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例6

 

< (Reference) Inspection Image from Zoom Lens Type Digital Microscope >

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例7   Light enters the hole, but the inner walls of the hole are completely invisible. Inspection cannot be conducted under these conditions.

 

 

■ Inspection Image with PHL200BA

 

By utilizing ultra-small diameter LED ring illumination, light effectively enters the hole, enabling clear visibility. The microscope achieves full circumference focus in one go up to approximately 0-50mm depth, allowing observation of step differences and cross-holes. During this inspection, machining debris was observed around the cross-holes.

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例8

 

 

 

 

 

Observation Case ④ with PHL200BA

Observation of Cross-Holes in φ45mm Hole Wall

 

I observed the inner diameter φ45mm hole in aluminum casting near the engine area.

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例9

 

< (Reference) Inspection Image from Zoom Lens Type Digital Microscope >

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例10   Light enters the hole, but the inner walls of the hole are completely invisible. Inspection cannot be conducted under these conditions.

 

 

■ Inspection Image with PHL200BA

 

With the adoption of ultra-small diameter LED ring illumination, light effectively enters the hole, providing clear visibility. The microscope achieves full circumference focus in one go up to approximately 0-50mm depth, allowing observation of cross-holes as well. The area around the cross-holes is also clearly visible.

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例11

 

 

 

For more details on the “Internal Wall Observation Microscope” used in the above observation, please click here to view the product information.

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープ  

穴内壁観察用マイクロスコープ

(φ8mm~φ50mm)

PHL200BA

 

392,000円(税抜)

 

 

 

 

 

 

If you need to observe deeper holes, …

 

For Case ②:

 

■ Inspection Image with PHLH200BA

 

By using a narrow 30° LED ring illumination, the hole inspection lens can be inserted slightly into the hole, enabling observation. The microscope achieves full circumference focus up to approximately 100mm depth in one go, allowing for observation.

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例12

 

 

For Observation Case ②

■ Inspection Image with PHLH200BA

By using the small diameter 30° LED ring illumination, the internal wall observation lens can be inserted slightly into the hole. It achieves full circumference focus up to approximately 100mm depth in one go, allowing observation.

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例13

 

 

Observation Case ④

■ Inspection Image with PHLH200BA

By using the small diameter 30° LED ring illumination, the internal wall observation lens can be inserted slightly into the hole. It achieves full circumference focus in one go up to approximately 100mm depth, enabling observation.

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例11

 

What is an Internal Wall Observation Microscope using a Hole Inspection Lens?

The microscope designed for observing internal surfaces, such as hole walls and rail interiors, allows for a 360° view in a single shot. Here are its key features:

 

 

 

 

1. Features of the Hole Wall Inspection Microscope

 

Feature 1: Utilization of a 178° Field of View Hole Inspection Lens

When observing inside holes, it’s common to use a borescope. Borescopes typically offer a standard field of view around 60°, and up to about 100° for wide-angle types. In contrast, the hole inspection microscope utilizes a hole-in inspection lens with a field of view of 178°.

 

(Understanding that the hole inspection lens will be discussed in the next section.) 

 

 

 

Feature 2: Utilizes ultra-small diameter LED ring illumination tailored to accommodate hole diameters

 

Ideal for hole diameters ranging from φ8 to φ50mm, featuring ultra-fine LED ring illumination.

 
  超極小径LEDリング照明

 

Optimal for hole diameters ranging from φ50 to 100mm and depths up to 100mm, featuring ultra-fine LED ring illumination.

  極小径LEDリング照明

 

 

 

 

2.What is a Hole Inspection Lens?

 

Point 1. Viewing angle: 178° wide-angle lens

 

The viewing angle is a whopping 178°.
As shown below, the field of view expands at almost horizontal angles.

 

 

ボアスコープと穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの比較

ボアスコープと穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの比較

 

 

 

 

Point 2. 360° entire circumference observation possible

 

The fisheye effect allows you to observe a wide range of interior walls in one shot.

 

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープを上からみたイメージ

 

 

 

 

Point 3: High Depth of Field

 

The hole diameter ranges from φ8mm to φ50mm, with a depth approximately equal to the diameter (e.g., about 50mm deep for a φ50mm hole) being the limit.

We employ lenses inherently possessing a deep depth of field. Additionally, adjustment of the depth of field is feasible with an integrated aperture mechanism.

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの被写界深度イメージ

 

When compared to images captured with fixed-focus lenses, the greater depth of field becomes evident.

 

 

固定焦点レンズと穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの画像比較

 

 

 

 

Point 4: Observation of Inner Hole Walls Without Inserting Lens into Every Hole

 

The Hole Inspection Lens offers a wide field of view at 178°, eliminating the need for insertion into each hole. Even at the entrance or with minimal insertion, the risk of damaging the object is significantly reduced.

 

 

内壁観察マイクロスコープ使用時のイメージ

 

 

 

 

 

3. Summary of the Internal Wall Observation Microscope

 

The internal wall observation microscope maximizes the features of the “Hole Inspection Lens” and “Ultra-Small Diameter LED Ring,” enabling a comprehensive 360° inspection of the inner walls of holes in a single operation.

 

 

 

 

Point 4: Observation Images from the Internal Wall Observation Microscope

 

 

● Observing the Inner Wall of a φ30mm Flange

 

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープでフランジ内壁を観察している様子

 

固定焦点レンズと穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの画像比較

 

Observation Range: Narrow

Depth of Field (distance in focus at once): Shallow 

 
Observation Range: Wide
Depth of Field (distance in focus at once): Deep

 

 

 

●Observing the Inner Walls of a C-shaped Rail

 

レールを穴内壁観察マイクロスコープで観察

 

固定焦点レンズと穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの画像比較

 

Observation Range: Limited
Depth of Field (distance in focus at once): Shallow
 
Observation Range: Wide
Depth of Field (distance in focus at once): Deep

 

 

 

 

● Observing Engine Surrounding Components

 

I observed the inside of a φ45mm diameter hole.

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例9

 

< (Reference) Inspection Image of a Zoom Lens Type Digital Microscope >

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例10   Light enters the hole, but the inner walls of the hole are completely invisible. Thus, inspection cannot be conducted.

 

< (Reference) Inspection Image with Borescope Camera >

 

ボアスコープのカメラでの穴検査画像   Light enters the hole, and the view is clear towards the distal end (0° direction), but the depth at which the inner walls of the hole are visible is shallow. To improve this, it’s necessary to adjust the insertion depth of the borescope from front to back.

 

Inspection Image with the Internal Wall Observation Microscope (PHL200BA)

Thanks to the adoption of ultra-small diameter LED ring illumination, light enters the hole effectively, allowing for clear visibility. The depth range of approximately 0 to 50 mm is in focus all around in a single operation, enabling clear observation of cross holes as well. The area around the cross holes is also observed thoroughly.

 

穴内壁観察マイクロスコープの実例11

 

 

 

A method for observing the inner wall of cylindrical holes (approximately φ45~100mm)

The “Hole Inspection Lens PHL178” allows for 360° observation of the inner wall surface. Due to its compact size, the lens can be inserted into and used for inspection of holes with a diameter of φ45mm or greater.

 

円筒穴内壁を観察する方法01  

Hole Inspection Lens PHL178

 

 

 

A black rubber sheet was attached to a cylindrical PVC pipe with a diameter of approximately φ100mm, and the inner wall was observed.

(Equipment used: Inner Wall Inspection Microscope PHL200BA)

 

円筒穴内壁を観察する方法02   ▼camera setup円筒穴内壁を観察する方法03

 

 

円筒穴内壁を観察する方法04

 

Since black rubber tends to absorb light, the image can easily become dark. However, by adjusting the lighting and camera settings, it was possible to observe with sufficient brightness.

Even if the light is insufficient, it can be brightened by modifying the illumination. We experimented by attaching commercially available LED tape lights to the side of the lens.

 

円筒穴内壁を観察する方法05   円筒穴内壁を観察する方法06

 

 

 

By using the Matsuden Corporation CS/EG series cameras, which are compact, the entire camera can be inserted into the interior, allowing for 360° observation of the inner wall.

 

ホールインスペクションレンズ使用例

 

The camera can be inserted into a cylinder with an internal diameter of φ45mm, enabling observation of the inner walls.

 

穴内壁観察01   穴内壁観察02

By manufacturing a jig for inserting the camera, it is possible to observe the inner walls of deep holes.

 

Methods for outputting the imagery from industrial endoscopes to a separate monitor or PC.

The endoscopic series of cameras for borescopes typically involve visual confirmation of the imagery on the main monitor. However, as the main unit outputs video signals (AV terminals), if a monitor with a 4:3 aspect ratio and video terminals is available, one can connect via a video cable to view the imagery on an external monitor.

 

 

 

During this process, visual confirmation of the imagery on the main unit’s monitor becomes unavailable. If one wishes to connect to a PC, converting this AV output to USB signals via a converter like the one described below enables input.

 

 

 

 

 

Industrial endoscopes are showcased on the Shodensha product website.

High-sensitivity high-definition camera for borescope use

What cameras are necessary for a borescope?

Attaching a camera to a borescope results in diminished brightness. Consequently, cameras with high sensitivity or intense illumination are requisite. While our BA200HD model offers both affordability and high sensitivity, certain conditions of the object or the type of borescope may still result in insufficient brightness even with this model. While using intense illumination is an option, it can be costly.

 

Recommended feature: “Auto Exposure Master”

Here, we introduce our sophisticated high-definition camera. It combines advanced functionality with high sensitivity, rendering it highly effective in dim conditions, especially when coupled with the “Auto Exposure Master” feature. One drawback is the smaller camera sensor size, at 1/2.8 inches, resulting in a slightly narrower area captured in the imagery. However, this model performs well with borescopes with diameters below φ2.7.

 

High-sensitivity high-definition camera for borescope use.

What cameras are necessary for a borescope?

Attaching a camera to a borescope results in diminished brightness. Consequently, cameras with high sensitivity or intense illumination are requisite. While our BA200HD model offers both affordability and high sensitivity, certain conditions of the object or the type of borescope may still result in insufficient brightness even with this model. While using intense illumination is an option, it can be costly.

 

Recommended feature: “Auto Exposure Master”

Here, we introduce our sophisticated high-definition camera. It combines advanced functionality with high sensitivity, rendering it highly effective in dim conditions, especially when coupled with the “Auto Exposure Master” feature. One drawback is the smaller camera sensor size, at 1/2.8 inches, resulting in a slightly narrower area captured in the imagery. However, this model performs well with borescopes with diameters below φ2.7.

The relationship between the borescope and the connected camera’s sensor size in inches.

The sensor size of the camera connected to the borescope affects the extent of blurring. Conversely, it approaches the image seen directly by the eye.

The focal length (f-value) of the adapter lens also varies.

Confirmation was conducted using a φ4mm 0° borescope.

■ When using an 18mm focal length adapter lens:

(1) With a camera featuring a 1/1.8-inch imaging sensor:

 

 

 

 

(2) With a camera featuring a 1/2.5-inch imaging sensor:

 

 

 

■ When using a 35mm focal length adapter lens:

 

(1) With a camera featuring a 1/1.8-inch imaging sensor:

 

 

 

 

(2) With a camera featuring a 1/2.5-inch imaging sensor:

 

 

 

Field of view on monitor when borescope and camera are connected

The field of view when a camera is connected to a borescope and observed on a monitor changes depending on various factors.

 

 

 

This time, we compared the following three points.

 (1) Borescope diameter (φ4mm and φ2.7mm)
(2) Number of camera inches (1/2 inch and 1/3 inch)
(3) f number of connected lens (mm) (35mm and 27mm)

 

 

 

(1) Comparison of borescope diameter between φ4mm and φ2.7mm
(Fixed camera size to 1/3 inch and lens to 35mm)

 

■φ4mm   ■φ2.7mm
 

As mentioned above, increasing the diameter of the borescope will increase the field of view on the monitor.

 

 

 

(2) Compare camera inches between 1/3 inch and 1/2 inch

(Borescope φ4mm, lens fixed at 35mm)

 

■1/3inch   ■1/2inch
 

As mentioned above, reducing the camera sensor size will increase the field of view on the monitor.

 

 

 

 

(3) Comparison of connected lenses between 35mm and 27mm

(Borescope φ4mm, camera fixed at 1/3 inch)

 

■35mm   ■27mm
 

As mentioned above, increasing the focal length of the connecting lens will widen the field of view on the monitor.

 

In addition, our connection lens BA-A1835 allows you to adjust the field of view, so you can further widen the field of view on your monitor.

■■Full-field observation (using 1/2 inch camera)   ■During magnified observation (using 1/2 inch camera)
BA-A1835可変倍率カメラアダプタレンズ01   BA-A1835可変倍率カメラアダプタレンズ02

 

By reducing the camera’s sensor size, it can be expanded to almost cover the entire monitor.

(When using 1/3 inch camera and magnifying observation)

 

BA-A1835可変倍率カメラアダプタレンズ03

 

 

For product details of the camera adapter, please see the product page below.

How to observe the inside of a hole

 The feasibility of observing the interior of a hole using surface-emitting coaxial illumination depends on the diameter of the hole; larger diameters facilitate more effective observation.

 

穴の中を観察 穴の中を観察
  • The subject is the hole in a cylindrical metal object.
 

 

 

I utilized surface-emitting coaxial illumination to observe the interior of the hole

 

 

面発光同軸照明で観察

 

– The coaxial illumination allowed light to penetrate deep into the hole, enabling clear observation of any imperfections or scratches within its depths.

 

面発光同軸照明
  • Surface-emitting coaxial illumination

– Endoscopes and borescopes are also effective methods for observing the interiors of holes.

 

 

高機能工業用内視鏡

– High-function industrial endoscope with a 3.5-inch monitor
MIGS300-V551

– Cable lengths of 1 meter and 2 meters are available for selection.

φ5.5のフレキシブルタイプ – Flexible, user-friendly cable with a diameter of 5.5mm.
The tip features a slim 4.0mm diameter type.
MIGS300-401 (available in 1m and 2m lengths).
ボアスコープ BAL-0418L (0°)

– Borescope BAL-0418L (0°)

– Available in 0° (direct view), 30° (side view), 70° (side view), and 90° (side view) types.

– The outer diameter of the tube is 4mm.

極細径工業用内視鏡

– Ultra-slim industrial endoscope

– Equipped with a 0.7mm ultra-slim probe, enabling the inspection of precision-engineered components.

For more details about the product, please feel free to contact our technical support. We also accept requests for testing.

Method for Observing the Inner Diameter Surface of a Cylindrical Object at Once

– When capturing images of the inner sidewalls of cylindrical objects, utilizing a wide-angle borescope proves effective.

 

ワイドアングルボアスコープ   Wide-Angle Borescope
ME.40175.00100

– Compared to a standard borescope, a wide-angle borescope offers a broader field of view, allowing for a more extensive visual inspection in one glance.

If the subject has a glossy appearance, it can be observed using our 3W coaxial illumination. However, if the object lacks gloss, the 3W coaxial illumination may not provide sufficient light intensity.

In such cases, the use of a higher-power coaxial illumination system is recommended.

 

ハイパワーの同軸照明

  “High-power coaxial illumination”

We observed the inner side of a 20mm diameter object using a wide-angle borescope

 

内側側面を観察

 

 

 

“Video: Observing the inner side of a cylindrical object with a wide-angle borescope (using borescope LED illumination)”

 

 

 

“Video: Observing the inner side of a cylindrical object with a wide-angle borescope (using high-power coaxial illumination)”

 

 

 

However, with a wide-angle borescope, it can be challenging to illuminate and observe objects larger than 25mm in diameter.

For such objects, there is a specialized lens known as a 360° internal inspection lens. Using this lens, we observed the inner side of a 50mm diameter glossy object.

 

ホールインスペクションレンズ The object is a 50mm diameter cylindrical inner side.

 

 

 

ホールインスペクションレンズ

 

 

 

“Video: Observing a 50mm diameter object with a 360° internal inspection lens”

 

 

 

This lens allows for the observation of the interior surfaces without inserting the lens into the object, unlike a borescope.

 

Specifications of the lens used

Model Optical System Specifications
Compatible Camera Minimum Field of View (Diameter × Height) Maximum Field of View (Diameter × Height) Hole Diameter Visible Object Height (High Resolution) Visible Object Height (VGA Working Distance (WD) Wavelength Range  F-Number
(inch) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (nm)  
PCHI012 1/2 10×10 120×190 10〜120 6〜120 10〜190 5〜62 450〜650 5.8

 

Please note that the actual field of view in the height direction varies depending on the pixel size of the camera used (high resolution or VGA).

 

<Camera Used>

USB3.0 カメラ(1000万画素・カラー)   USB 3.0 Camera (10 Megapixels, Color)

 

 

Please feel free to contact us for product details

Concerning the Focal Length When Utilizing a Side-Viewing Borescope.

– When using a side-viewing (90°) borescope, attention must be given to the focal length.

Utilizing a side-viewing configuration inevitably results in a shorter distance to the wall surfaces (indicated by the red arrow).

 

 

ボアスコープ(側視)の観察イメージ

 

 

– Upon magnifying the tip of the side-viewing borescope, it appears as follows.

 

 

ボアスコープ(側視)先端の焦点距離のイメージ

  • Compared to the direct-viewing type, the side-viewing type has a shorter actual focal distance (indicated by the blue arrow) due to the distance represented by the red arrow.

 

  • In practice, a 4mm diameter side-viewing borescope was employed to observe the sidewalls of holes with diameters of 4.5mm, 6mm, and 7mm.

ボアスコープ(側視)の観察イメージ

 

 

 

Even when utilizing the focal adjustment feature of the side lens with a diameter of φ4.5mm, the focal point remains entirely unaligned.

ボアスコープ(側視)で直径4.5mmの穴を観察

 

 

 

■The focal point barely aligns on the side with a φ6.0mm aperture.

However, discrepancies in product manufacturing may result in misalignment.

 

 

ボアスコープ(側視)で直径6.0mmの穴を観察

 

 

 

■On the side with a φ7mm aperture…

There is ample room for adjustment in the lens’s focal adjustment capability. Even accounting for variations in product quality, the distance remains sufficiently usable.

 

 

ボアスコープ(側視)で直径7.0mmの穴を観察

 

 

 

Observation of the side with aperture diameters smaller than φ6mm is made feasible through the utilization of a macro lens attachment ring.

 

 

接写リング取り付けイメージ

 

 

 

I observed the side with a φ4.5mm aperture diameter by inserting a 5mm macro lens attachment ring.

 

■Observation of the side with a φ4.5mm aperture diameter (with the addition of a 5mm macro lens attachment ring)

Even at φ4.5mm (with a distance to the wall of 0.25mm), the focal point aligns.

(The presence of a distance between the lens and the mirror within the borescope allows for focal alignment even at 0.25mm.)

 

 

ボアスコープ(側視)で直径4.5mmの穴を観察(接写リング使用)

 

 

 

■Observation of the side with a φ6mm aperture diameter (with the addition of a 5mm macro lens attachment ring)

There is still room for further adjustment.

 

 

 

ボアスコープ(側視)で直径6.0mmの穴を観察(接写リング使用)

 

 

 

When observing the side with a φ4.5mm aperture diameter using direct (0°) wide-angle viewing, the macro lens attachment ring is unnecessary. (Adjustment is possible within standard specifications.)

 

■Observation of the side with a φ4.5mm aperture diameter (wide-angle, direct viewing)

 

 

ボアスコープ(直視 ワイドアングル)で直径4.5mmの穴を観察

 

 

The appearance when observed with the standard type of direct viewing is as follows for reference.

 

ボアスコープ(直視)で直径4.5mmの穴を観察

 

 

 

Please refer to the following for detailed product information on the “φ4mm side-view borescope” and the “5mm macro lens attachment ring” being used this time.

Methods of lateral viewing with a borescope and their respective characteristics

1.Methods of Lateral Viewing with a Borescope

 

There are primarily two methods of lateral viewing using a borescope. I will introduce the characteristics of each method.

 

◆ Utilizing a lateral (90°) viewing borescope

 

The lateral viewing type of borescope, characterized by an optical path arranged in a single direction, may exhibit uneven brightness across the observed surface due to its directional lighting configuration.

 

 

光路が一方向状に配置   観察面の明るさはアンバランスが発生
  • The optical path is arranged unidirectionally.
 

Imbalance in brightness occurs across the observation surface

 

Additionally, since the illumination is not ring-shaped but directional, uneven brightness may occur on the screen when observing reflective objects.

 

 

 

◆ Covering a direct-view borescope with a side-view tube (side-view adapter).

 

– A side-view tube (side-view adapter) is an accessory designed for enabling lateral viewing with a direct-view borescope. Simply fitting it over the tip allows for easy lateral observation.

– Note: The diameter of the side-view tube (side-view adapter) for a φ4mm borescope is φ5.5mm, which makes it slightly thicker.

 

 

ボアスコープ(工業用硬性鏡)の側視アダプタ

 

ボアスコープ側視管装着イメージ   – Image of a Side-View Tube (Side-View Adapter) Installation

 

 

– The advantage of the side-view tube (side-view adapter) is that it can be rotated while attached, allowing for easy observation of a 360° field of view.

 

 

ボアスコープ(工業用硬性鏡)の側視アダプタ

 

 

– The disadvantage is that the edges of the mirror are visible, preventing the use of the entire field of view.

 

 

ミラーのエッジ

 

– Using a direct-view type results in ring-shaped illumination. Additionally, the mirror is more susceptible to the effects of dust and dirt (reflections).。

 

 

 

 

2. When connecting a camera to a borescope.

 

– When connecting a camera, the differences in this method significantly impact the results, as cameras generally have a lower dynamic range than the human eye.

 

側視タイプのボアスコープ 直視タイプのボアスコープ
   
– Advantages and Disadvantages of Lateral Viewing Type – Advantages and Disadvantages of Direct-Viewing Type
– Bright and dark areas occur on the same surface.
– In the presence of lateral holes, the walls and bottom surfaces of these holes will be shadowed.
– When observing the same surface, the central area appears bright while the periphery remains dark.
– Light also reaches the walls and bottom surfaces of lateral holes.
– The edges of the mirror are reflected in the view.
– The attachment and removal of the side-view tube allow for both direct and lateral observation.

 

 

 

 

– However, depending on the reflectivity and shape of the object, the lateral viewing type may provide a clearer view.

 

   
側視タイプ 直視タイプ+側視管
<Lateral Viewing Type>
・The observation surface is easier to see.。

<Direct Viewing Type with Side-View Tube>

・Illumination is reflected in the central area.

 

 

 

 

 

3. Recommended Camera Feature for Borescope Observation: “WDR (HDR)”

 

Our company recommends cameras with WDR (HDR) functionality for borescope use.

WDR (HDR) stands for Wide Dynamic Range (High Dynamic Range), a feature that expands the camera’s dynamic range.

Below is an image taken with a camera equipped with WDR functionality connected to a side-view type borescope.

 

 

カメラのダイナミックレンジを広げる機能(WDR)とボアスコープ

 

 

 

 

The “Lateral Viewing (90°) Type” and “Direct Viewing Type” borescopes introduced here are available through our company.

For more details, please visit the product pages below.

The camera system can be utilized for inspecting the interior walls of engine cylinders or cans.

I have compiled an overview of a camera system that can be utilized for inspecting the interior walls of engine cylinders or cans. I will present actual captured images, as well as the merits and drawbacks associated with each application.

 

 

<SAMPLE>

Given the difficulty in obtaining engine cylinders, we conducted tests using aluminum cans for this study. The dimensions of the aluminum can were φ100mm×H130mm. We inscribed numbers from 1 to 5 on the interior wall and introduced several scratches in various locations.

 

アルミ缶

 

<CAMERA>

Methods 1 to 5 utilized our company’s full high-definition camera. The details of the camera used can be found here. By standardizing the camera, we were able to conduct a pure comparison of lenses. Additionally, for method 6, we employed an S-mount UVC camera as an additional edition.

 

 

 

 

<INSPECTION METHODS AND RESULTS>

 
 

 

1. Method for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using a wide-bore scope.

 

1. Wide-bore scope: φ4mm
2. Flat dome-type illumination: DC-30D-127W-CH1
3. Illumination for borescope: LED-3WDB

 

 

アルミ缶  

Left: Scene of the capture
Right: Magnification of the insertion part

The borescope can be observed slightly protruding from the entrance of the can. Due to the distance and proximity to the bottom, visibility of scratches near the depths is reduced.

     
ボアスコープで撮影  

The borescope was positioned slightly away from the entrance to capture the entire area within a single frame.

     
アルミ缶  

To magnify the view, the borescope was slightly inserted from the entrance and captured.

 

The operability is rated at ★4 due to the ability to confirm the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot.

The visibility level of scratches is rated at ★3.

 

 

 

2. Method for inspection using a 90° side-view borescope (φ4mm) (requires rotation of the bore).

 

1. Borescope: φ4mm, 90° side-view
2. Flat dome-type illumination: DC-30D-127W-CH1
3. Illumination for borescope: LED-3WDB

 

アルミ缶  

Scene of the capture:

The borescope is inserted into the can.

Rotating the bore is necessary for complete circumference inspection (requires rotating the camera).

Additionally, during magnification, the entire top-to-bottom view cannot be observed in a single frame, necessitating vertical movement.

     
アルミ缶  

To ensure the entire height fits within one frame, the borescope was positioned slightly away from the inner wall for the capture.

     
アルミ缶  

To magnify the view, the borescope was brought close to the inner wall for the capture.

 

Rotating the bore is necessary for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall, requiring rotation of the camera itself, resulting in a usability rating of ★2.

The visibility level of scratches is rated at ★4.

 

 

 

3. Method for inspection using a 90° side-view (interchangeable tip) rotatable borescope (φ8mm) (requires rotation of the bore).

 

1. Rotatable borescope (interchangeable tip): φ8mm, 90° side-view
2. Flat dome-type illumination: DC-30D-127W-CH1
3. Illumination for borescope: LED-3WDB

 

アルミ缶  

Scene of the capture:

The borescope is inserted into the can. While rotation of the bore is necessary for complete circumference inspection, the rotatable borescope features an interchangeable tip that allows rotation of the tip tube, eliminating the need for camera rotation.

     
アルミ缶の撮影  

The borescope was positioned away from the inner wall for the capture, but capturing the entire top-to-bottom view in one frame proved challenging, necessitating slight vertical movement.

     
アルミ缶の撮影  

To magnify the view, the borescope was brought close to the inner wall for the capture.

 

For inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall, rotation of the bore is unnecessary with the rotatable borescope. However, vertical movement is required, resulting in a usability rating of ★3.

The visibility level of scratches is rated at ★4.

 

 

 

4. Method for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using a microscope for observing hole walls.

 

 1. Microscope for observing hole walls (for diameters ranging from φ20mm to φ120mm): PH200BA-D30

 

アルミ缶の撮影  

Left: Scene of the capture

Right: Product photograph

     

The lens is positioned near the entrance (no need to insert into the can), allowing for a complete circumference inspection of the can interior in one shot.

Visibility is reasonably good.

Since there’s no need to insert the lens portion into the can, the risk of damaging the sample is low.

     
アルミ缶の撮影  

To ensure the entire area fits within one frame, the lens was positioned slightly away from the entrance for the capture.

     
アルミ缶の撮影  

To magnify the view, the lens was positioned at the very edge of the entrance, but it’s not particularly suited for magnification.

Operability is rated at ★4 due to the ability to confirm the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot.

The visibility level of scratches is also rated at ★4.

 

 

 

5. Method for inspection using a high-magnification lens with a 90° side-view mirror attached to the tip (requires rotation of the lens).

 

1. High-magnification lens: FZ lens
2. Custom-made 90° side-view mirror attached to the tip of the lens
3. Custom-made LED illumination for attaching the 90° side-view mirror

 

 

高倍率レンズ先端に90°側視ミラーを取付ける方法  

Left: Scene of the capture

Right: Magnification of the insertion part

The lens is fully inserted into the can for observation.

     
高倍率レンズ先端に90°側視ミラーを取付ける方法  

Minimum magnification: Approximately 40 times

     
高倍率レンズ先端に90°側視ミラーを取付ける方法  

Maximum magnification: Approximately 200 times

Mainly focused on magnified observation, the visible area at once is narrow, making it difficult to navigate, resulting in a usability rating of ★1.

The visibility level of scratches is rated at ★5.

However, it’s worth noting that for scratch detection purposes, this method may not be practical, and it’s primarily intended for magnified observation purposes.

 

 

6. [Special Edition] Method for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using an S-mount camera and fisheye lens.

 

 1. UVC camera
2. Fisheye lens
3. Flat dome-type illumination: DC-30D-127W-CH1

 

魚眼レンズ  

A fisheye lens is attached to a tube camera with interchangeable lenses. This allows for both direct viewing and side-view observation simultaneously.。

 

* With a lens diameter of 28mm, unlike borescopes, it cannot observe narrow objects.

* Additionally, it is not suitable for deep holes.

魚眼レンズ  

Capturing the image slightly away from the entrance of the can.

     
魚眼レンズ  

Capturing the image right at the entrance of the can.

Operability is rated at ★4 due to the ability to confirm the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot.

The visibility level of scratches is rated at ★3.

However, it’s worth noting that the visibility can vary significantly depending on how the lighting is applied, resulting in extreme contrasts between bright and dark areas.

 

 

 

 

<Summary>

 

When observing inner walls, it’s essential to select a camera system that aligns with your budget and intended purpose.

Considering usability is also recommended during the evaluation process.

 

Selecting a camera system based on your specific application. Recommended camera systems:

 

If you aim to inspect the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot for scratch detection purposes:

 

4. Method for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using a microscope for observing hole walls.

 

– The PH200BA-D30 microscope for observing hole walls (for diameters ranging from φ20mm to φ120mm) is recommended.

 

If you desire magnified observation of scratches:

5. Method for inspection using a high-magnification lens with a 90° side-view mirror attached to the tip (requires rotation of the lens) is recommended.

 

If you want to ensure comprehensive observation without missing any area in the 90° inner wall direction:

 

3. Method for inspection using a 90° side-view (interchangeable tip) rotatable borescope (φ8mm) (requires rotation of the bore) is recommended.

 

– The components mentioned, including the interchangeable tip rotatable borescope (φ8mm, 90°), flat dome-type illumination (DC-30D-127W-CH1), and illumination for borescope (LED-3WDB), are recommended.

 

If you want to observe both the bottom and inner walls with a single device:

1. Method for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using a wide-angle borescope is recommended.

 

If price is a primary consideration:

 

6. [Special Edition] Method for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using an S-mount camera and fisheye lens is recommended.

A camera system that can be used for inspecting the inner wall of engine cylinders or the inner wall of cans

I’ve summarized the camera systems that can be used for inspecting engine cylinder walls or can walls. I’ll introduce them with actual images, as well as their respective merits and drawbacks.

 

 

 

 

 

●Test conditions

 

<Sample>

Since engine cylinders are difficult to obtain, we conducted the test using aluminum cans this time.
The size of the aluminum can is φ100mm × H130mm.
We marked numbers 1 to 5 on the inner wall.
We made scratches in several places.

 

アルミ缶

 

<Camera>

 

Methods 1 to 5 used our full high-definition camera. ⇒ Camera used here
By using the same camera, we can compare the lenses purely.
*For method 6, we used an S-mount UVC camera as a special edition.

 

 

 

 

●Inspection Method and Results

 

1. Method for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using a wide bore scope

 

 ①ワイドボアスコープ φ4mm ボアスコープ 0°
 ②平型ドーム式照明 DC-30D-127W-CH1
 ③ボアスコープ用照明 LED-3WDB

 

アルミ缶  

Left: Shooting Scene

Right: Insertion Port Enlarged

The borescope can be observed slightly away from the entrance of the can.

There is a distance, and scratches close to the bottom are less visible.

     
ボアスコープで撮影  

The borescope is positioned slightly away from the entrance to capture the entire area in a single frame.

     
アルミ缶  

Position the borescope slightly inside the entrance to capture an enlarged view.

 

The operability is rated at ★4 since the entire circumference of the inner wall can be checked in one shot.

The visibility level of scratches is rated at ★3.

 

 

 

Method 2: Inspection using a 90° side-view borescope (φ4mm) (Requires bore rotation)

 

 

 ①ボアスコープ φ4mm ボアスコープ 90°

 ②平型ドーム式照明 DC-30D-127W-CH1

 ③ボアスコープ用照明 LED-3WDB

 

アルミ缶  

Shooting Scene

The borescope is inserted into the can.

Rotating the bore is necessary to inspect the entire circumference (requires rotating the camera along with the bore).

Additionally, when enlarging, the top and bottom cannot be observed in a single frame, requiring vertical movement as well.

     
アルミ缶  

Position the borescope slightly away from the inner wall to capture the entire height in a single frame.

     
アルミ缶  

Bring the borescope close to the inner wall to capture an enlarged view.

 

If inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall, bore rotation is necessary, requiring rotation of the camera as well, thus rated at ★2 for operability.

However, the visibility level of scratches is rated at ★4.

 

 

 

3. Method: Inspection using a 90° side-view (interchangeable tip) swivel borescope (φ8mm) (Requires bore rotation)

 

 ①(先端交換式)くるっとボアスコープ φ8㎜ 90°

 ②平型ドーム式照明 DC-30D-127W-CH1

 ③ボアスコープ用照明 LED-3WDB

 

 

アルミ缶  

Shooting Scene

The borescope is inserted into the can.

To inspect the entire circumference, bore rotation is necessary, but since it’s a swivel borescope, the tip tube can be rotated.

(Camera rotation is not required)

     
アルミ缶の撮影  

The borescope was positioned away from the inner wall for the shot, but capturing the top and bottom in a single frame is not possible, so some vertical movement is required.

     
アルミ缶の撮影  

Bring the borescope close to the inner wall to capture an enlarged view.

 

If inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall, a swivel borescope eliminates the need for camera rotation, but vertical movement is necessary, rated at ★3 for operability.

However, the visibility level of scratches is rated at ★4.

 

 

4. Method: Inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using a microscope for observing hole walls

 

 ①穴内壁観察用マイクロスコープ(φ20mm~120mm用) PH200BA-D30

 

アルミ缶の撮影  

Left: Shooting Scene

Right: Product Photo

     

The lens is positioned near the entrance (no need to insert into the can) to allow for a one-shot inspection of the entire circumference inside the can.

Visibility is reasonably good.

Since there’s no need to insert the lens portion into the can, the risk of damaging the sample is low.

     
アルミ缶の撮影  

Position the lens slightly away from the entrance to capture the entire area in a single frame.

     
アルミ缶の撮影  

Capture the image with the lens positioned right at the entrance, allowing for maximum magnification.

However, it’s not particularly suitable for significant magnification.

 

 

Operability is rated at ★4 since the entire circumference of the inner wall can be checked in one shot.

The visibility level of scratches is also rated at ★4.

 

 

5. Method: Inspection using a high-magnification lens with a 90° side-view mirror attached to the tip (Requires lens rotation)

 

1. High-magnification lens: FZ lens
2. Custom-made: 90° side-view mirror attached to the tip of the lens
3. Custom-made: LED illumination for attaching the 90° side-view mirror

 

 

高倍率レンズ先端に90°側視ミラーを取付ける方法  

Left: Shooting Scene

Right: Insertion Port Enlarged

The lens is fully inserted into the can for observation.

     
高倍率レンズ先端に90°側視ミラーを取付ける方法  

Minimum magnification: Approximately 40x

     
高倍率レンズ先端に90°側視ミラーを取付ける方法  

Maximum magnification: Approximately 200x

Operability is rated at ★1 because the main focus is on magnification, and the visible area at once is narrow, making it difficult to search.

However, the visibility level of scratches is rated at ★5.

It’s worth noting that while it’s not very practical for scratch detection purposes, it’s primarily intended for magnification observation.

 

 

 

6. [Special Edition] Method for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using an S-mount camera and fisheye lens

 

1. UVC camera
2. Fisheye lens
3. Flat dome-type lighting DC-30D-127W-CH1

 

 

魚眼レンズ  

Attach a fisheye lens to a tube camera with interchangeable lenses.

This allows for side-view observation while maintaining direct viewing.

 

* Since the lens diameter is 28mm, it cannot observe small-diameter objects like borescopes.

It’s also not suitable for deep holes.

 

魚眼レンズ  

Capture the image with the camera positioned slightly away from the entrance of the can.

     
魚眼レンズ  

Capture the image with the camera positioned right at the entrance of the can.

Operability is rated at ★4 since the entire circumference of the inner wall can be checked in one shot.

The visibility level of scratches is rated at ★3.

However, the visibility greatly varies depending on how the lighting is applied, resulting in extreme differences between bright and dark areas.

 

 

 

Summary:

 

When observing inner walls, it’s essential to choose a camera system that fits your budget and purpose.

Considering operability is also recommended during the evaluation process.

 

 

Recommended camera systems to choose from based on usage

 

<If you want to check the entire circumference inside the can in one shot for the purpose of finding scratches>

4. Method for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using a microscopewith an aperture wall observation function.

① The aperture wall observation microscope (for φ20mm to φ120mm) PH200BA-D30 is the best option.

 

<If you want to magnify the scratches>

 

5. Method for inspecting using a high-magnification lens with a 90° side-view mirror attached to the tip (Requires lens rotation) is the best option.

 

<If you want to ensure absolute visibility of the inner wall direction at 90° without missing anything>

 

3. Method for inspecting using a 90° side-view (interchangeable tip) swivel borescope (φ8mm) (Requires bore rotation)

① (Interchangeable tip) Swivel borescope φ8mm 90°

② Flat dome-type lighting DC-30D-127W-CH1

③ Borescope lighting LED-3WDB is the best option.

 

<If you want to observe the bottom and inner walls with one device>

 

1. Method for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using a wide-angle borescope is the best option.

 

<If price is a priority>

 

6. [Special Edition] Method for inspecting the entire circumference of the inner wall in one shot using an S-mount camera and fisheye lens is the best option.

Closest distance of endoscope and borescope

The closest distance to the object within the in-focus range (observation distance) is called the closest distance.

 

The closest distance has characteristics depending on the type of endoscope.

 

1. Endoscope equipped with advanced camera

Since there is a camera at the tip, the optical closest distance is longer.

 

In the case of our endoscope, the closest distance is 10 mm.
The recommended viewing distance is 10-60mm.

    

 

先端カメラ搭載内視鏡

 

Although it is made by another company, some low-priced models seem to have a closest distance of about 40mm.

 

先端カメラ搭載内視鏡

 

 

 

2. Borescope

 

Borescopes and fiberscopes have relatively short closest distances.

This is not a guaranteed value as there are individual variations, but when connecting a camera with our borescope, the closest distance is approximately 5 mm.

 

ボアスコープの最至近距離01  

Lens focus tonality can be adjusted, but there are limits.

The limit is around 5mm.

     
ボアスコープの最至近距離02   When we checked with our current product, the closest distance was 4.5mm.

 

 

 

 

◆How to shorten the closest distance

 

By inserting a close-up ring (5mm), the closest distance can be reduced to about 3mm.

 

 

接写リング

 

     
ボアスコープの最至近距離05  

When using our current product with a close-up ring (5mm), the closest distance was 2.5mm.

 

 

 

 

The “borescope camera” used this time is available at our company.

Additionally, our Borescope Camera Adapter Lens is equipped with a 5mm close-up ring as standard.

For details, please see the product page below.

 

How to cool a heat-resistant borescope

For heat-resistant borescopes that exceed 150℃, we cover them with a heat-resistant jacket (custom-made product).

 

耐熱ボアスコープ

 

耐熱ボアスコープ

 

耐熱ボアスコープ

 

 

Insert water for cooling and air for tip purge into the heat-resistant jacket.

In other words, a chiller device (low-temperature circulation high-temperature water tank) that circulates cooling water is required.

Set the water cooling outlet of the heat-resistant jacket so that the temperature is approximately 60℃ or less.

We can also propose a chiller device (low-temperature circulation high-temperature water tank) that circulates cooling water.

We will have a detailed meeting with the customer, but the following information is required at a minimum.

① Distance from chiller device → water cooling inlet

②Water cooling outlet → Distance to chiller device

③Height difference between chiller device and borescope mounting position

④ Size of heat-resistant jacket, etc.

 

Heat resistant borescope

A bore is installed in the observation section (high temperature section), and a camera is connected to the end of the bore for observation.

 

 

高温部
 

 

When observing images under high temperature using a heat-resistant borescope,
The following two methods are the main methods.
 

 

Without cooling device

Our borescope also has a heat-resistant type (compatible with 120℃).

 

 

耐熱ボアスコープ 120℃対応ボアスコープ(φ4.0mm)
製品詳細はこちらから

 

●Heat-resistant borescope that can handle up to 120℃
●Enables non-destructive visual inspection of the inside of narrow parts that cannot be directly reached by the human eye.
●Compatible with various types of lighting such as M10 P=1.0 and M10 P=0.5
●Viewing direction: 0° (direct view), 30° (side view), 70° (side view)

耐熱ボアスコープ 120℃対応ボアスコープ(φ2.7mm)
製品詳細はこちらから
 

 

The compatible temperature is 120℃, but it is usually in stock and low price.

 

 

If it is a made-to-order product, we have borescopes that can handle up to 150℃.

 
受注生産

Please refer to the website for details.

 

 

With cooling device

If a cooling device is attached to the borescope, it can handle temperatures up to quite high temperatures.
It can also handle extremely high temperatures exceeding 2000℃.
This can be achieved by covering our borescope with a diameter of 4 mm or more (see our website for details) with a heat-resistant jacket (custom-made).

 

 

 

耐熱ボアスコープ
耐熱ボアスコープ
 

 

Insert water for cooling and air for tip purge into the heat-resistant jacket.
 

 

耐熱ボアスコープ
 

 

Most of the super heat-resistant borescopes are made to order.
Production begins after detailed discussions with the customer.
The price will be several million yen.
 

 

For details on borescopes
Please feel free to contact Shodensha technical staff 
We will make individual proposals tailored to each company.